Text Summarization Using the Chain of Density (CoD) Method

Input the full article text into ARTICLE.

Start by writing a long, non-specific summary (~80 words) containing few informative entities, using verbose language and fillers.

For five iterations, do the following:

1. Identify 1-3 relevant, concise (5 words or fewer), novel, and faithful entities missing from the previous summary.

2. Rewrite the summary to include all previous entities plus the missing ones, maintaining the same word count, improving flow, and maximizing density.

Ensure summaries remain self-contained, do not omit previously included entities, and balance adding new entities with summary length constraints.